602 research outputs found

    Colour Contrast Occurrence matrix: a vector and perceptual texture feature

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    International audienceTexture discrimination was the second more important task studied after colour perception and characterization.Nevertheless, few works explore the colour extension of these works and none for vectorial processing ofthis important visual information. In this work we propose a novel and vector processing for colour texturecharacterization, the color contrast occurrence matrix C2O. This new texture feature is based on the colourdierence assessment. To be link to the human perception, the colour dierence is expressed using a perceptualdistance expressed in CIELab and two angles characterizing the chromaticity and darker or lighter direction.Through this new attribute, we analyze the stability to changes in illumination, viewpoint and spectrum of thelight source in front of dierent texture image databases . Thanks to our construction, we avoid the main limit ofexisting texture features requiring an initial colour quantization or a binarization inside the texture construction.Keeping the small local contrast, we obtain a more accurate texture feature description explaining the obtainedresults. Then we carry out the construction of a features vector by occurrence quantization, keeping the initialideas of Julesz, Haralick and Ojala, for the classication purposes. The results show best correct classicationpercentages in databases that with important spatio-chromatic complexity as ALOT

    Color Hit-or-Miss Transform (CMOMP)

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    Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Bucharest, Romania, 201

    Validation et limitation de métriques couleur pour l'ordonnancement

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    International audienceLa morphologie mathĂ©matique repose sur la notion d'ordonnancement. Pour le traitement d'images couleur, l'Ă©criture d'une relation d'ordre valide nĂ©cessite l'utilisation de distances couleur normalisĂ©es issues des espaces CIELAB ou CIELUV . Depuis les premiĂšres recommandations de la Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE), plusieurs distances couleur ont Ă©tĂ© proposĂ©es pour l'amĂ©lioration des traitements de petites diffĂ©rences couleurs. Le but de cet article est d'Ă©tudier l'impact de ces formules de distance couleur dans le contexte de la morphologie mathĂ©matique couleur. Les rĂ©sultats sont dĂ©veloppĂ©s pour une nouvelle construction des opĂ©rateurs morphologiques couleur basĂ©e sur la distance dans l'espace CIELAB

    Vers des traitements morphologiques couleur et spectraux valides au sens perceptuel et physique (méthodes et critÚres de sélection)

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    L'extension de la morphologie mathématique au domaine de la couleur ou du multi/hyperspectral en traitement et analyse d'images n'est pas élémentaire. La majorité des approches se sont focalisées sur la formulation mathématique des opérateurs sans prendre en compte le sens physique ou perceptuel de l'information couleur/spectrale.Les outils développés dans ce travail s'inscrivent dans un nouveau formalisme générique basé sur une fonction de distance. Cette construction permet d'utiliser les opérateurs morphologiques dans le domaine de la couleur ou du multi/hyperspectral en adaptant la fonction de distance. De plus, le choix de la fonction de distance rend les opérateurs valides au sens de la perception ou de la physique.Face aux nombre croissant d'approches existantes, des critÚres de sélection ont été développés afin de les comparer les différentes écritures de morphologie mathématique. Ces critÚres sont basés sur le respect des propriétés théoriques des opérateurs, sur les propriétés métrologiques et sur l'efficacité numérique.Grùce à un formalisme prenant en compte l'information perceptuelle de la couleur et intégrant une définition valide des éléments structurants non-plats, deux types d'opérateurs de plus haut niveau ont été définis. Le premier est un détecteur d'objets spatio-colorimétrique passant par la définition d'un gabarit spatial et vectoriel. Le second, est le calcul de spectres de textures vectoriels. L'extension des deux propos au spectral a été réalisé et ouvre de nouvelles questions scientifiques.Mathematical morphology extension to colour or multi/hyperspectral domain in image processing is not straightforward. Most approaches have focused on the mathematical translation of the operators without taking into account the physical or perceptual sense of colour/spectral information. The developed tools in this work are part of a new generic formalism based on adistance function. This construction allows using morphological operators in colour or multi/hyperspectral domain by adapting the distance function. Moreover, the distance function choice validates the operators in the perceptual or physical sense.In front of the increasing number of existing approaches, selection criteria are developed in order to compare the different mathematical morphology constructions. These criteria are based on the validation of the theoretical properties of operators, on the metrological properties and the computational efficiency.With a formalism taking into account the perceptual information of colour and integrating a valid defnition of non-flat structuring elements, two kinds of highest level operators are defned. The frst is a spatial-colorimetric object detector through the defnition of a vectorial and spacial template. The second is the computation of vectorial texture spectra. The spectral extension for both tools is made and opens new scientifc questions.POITIERS-SCD-Bib. électronique (861949901) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Teneurs en phénols totaux, activités antioxydantes des macérés et décocté des feuilles de Uvaria chamae P. Beauv. (Annonaceae)

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    Uvaria chamae est une plante de la biodiversitĂ© Ivoirienne utilisĂ©e en mĂ©decine traditionnelle. MalgrĂ© les vertus biologiques et thĂ©rapeutiques de cette plante, peu d’informations sur la teneur en phĂ©nols totaux et l’activitĂ© antioxydante existent. L’objectif de cette Ă©tude Ă©tait d’évaluer la teneur en phĂ©nols totaux, l’activitĂ© antioxydante de macĂ©rĂ© aqueux, de macĂ©rĂ© Ă©thanolique et de dĂ©coctĂ© aqueux des feuilles de Uvaria chamae. La teneur en phĂ©nols totaux a Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ©e par la mĂ©thode de Folin-Ciocalteu. L’activitĂ© antioxydante a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e par la mĂ©thode de piĂ©geage du DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyle) et d’ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity). La teneur en phĂ©nols totaux Ă©tait respectivement de 110,51 ± 7,18 ”g GAE/mg d’extraits, de 86,34 ± 1,38 ”g GAE/mg d’extrait et de 65,80 ± 0,13 ”g GAE/mg d’extrait pour le macĂ©rĂ© Ă©thanolique, le dĂ©coctĂ© aqueux et le macĂ©rĂ© aqueux de Uvaria chamae. Les diffĂ©rents macĂ©rĂ©s et dĂ©coctĂ© ont prĂ©sentĂ© une activitĂ© de piĂ©geage des deux radicaux libres. S’agissant du radical DPPH, le macĂ©rĂ© Ă©thanolique de U. chamae exerce une forte activitĂ© antiradicalaire significative avec un CI50 de l’ordre de 0,08 ± 0,02 mg/ml. Avec la mĂ©thode ORAC, le macĂ©rĂ© Ă©thanolique de U. chamae (3,51 ± 0,15 ”mol TE/”g d’extrait) et le dĂ©coctĂ© aqueux de U. chamae (3,36± 0,18 ”mol TE/”g d’extrait) prĂ©sentent des valeurs d’activitĂ©s antioxydantes significatives. Par contre, les valeurs de l’activitĂ©  antioxydante du macĂ©rĂ© aqueux de U. chamae (3,04 ± 0,20 ”mol TE/”g d’extrait) et du tĂ©moin positif : extrait Ă©thanolique de R.  officinalis (2,54 ± 0,06 ”mol TE/”g d’extrait) ne sont pas significativement diffĂ©rentes (P ˃ 0,05). Ces rĂ©sultats montrent l’existence d’une bonne corrĂ©lation linĂ©aire entre la teneur en phĂ©nols totaux et le pouvoir antioxydant des diffĂ©rents macĂ©rĂ©s et dĂ©coctĂ© de cette plante. Cette plante Ivoirienne pourrait donc ĂȘtre considĂ©rĂ©e comme une source d’antioxydant naturel Ă  des fins mĂ©dicinales.Mots clĂ©s : Uvaria chamae, teneur en phĂ©nols totaux, antioxydant, CĂŽte d’Ivoir

    Genome-wide evidence for an essential role of the human Staf/ZNF143 transcription factor in bidirectional transcription

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    In the human genome, ∌10% of the genes are arranged head to head so that their transcription start sites reside within <1 kbp on opposite strands. In this configuration, a bidirectional promoter generally drives expression of the two genes. How bidirectional expression is performed from these particular promoters constitutes a puzzling question. Here, by a combination of in silico and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that hStaf/ZNF143 is involved in controlling expression from a subset of divergent gene pairs. The binding sites for hStaf/ZNF143 (SBS) are overrepresented in bidirectional versus unidirectional promoters. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays with a significant set of bidirectional promoters containing putative SBS revealed that 93% of them are associated with hStaf/ZNF143. Expression of dual reporter genes directed by bidirectional promoters are dependent on the SBS integrity and requires hStaf/ZNF143. Furthermore, in some cases, functional SBS are located in bidirectional promoters of gene pairs encoding a noncoding RNA and a protein gene. Remarkably, hStaf/ZNF143 per se exhibits an inherently bidirectional transcription activity, and together our data provide the demonstration that hStaf/ZNF143 is indeed a transcription factor controlling the expression of divergent protein–protein and protein–non-coding RNA gene pairs

    A new algorithm for large surfaces profiling by fringe projection

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    7 pagesA method for profiling surface objects based on the fringe projection method and a phase shifting algorithm is described. The application of this method to large surfaces is problematic since the calibration step requires the use of a reference plane as large as the object. A new algorithm based on least-squares method has also been developed to bypass this calibration step, and so the use of a reference plane. First experimental results on a carbon panel and on a parabolic aerial are presented to show the validity of the proposed algorithm. Accuracy of 1mm has been obtained for an object of 1m and 20 cm long, while sensitivity has been proved to be of the order of 100 m

    High-accuracy optical measurement of flatness for large objects

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    A high-accuracy non-contact optomechanical system has been designed for measuring the surface profile of relatively flat and large objects. The experimental set-up consists of a motorized gantry, a rangefinder, a CCD chip and a laser diode. This set-up permits discrete measurements to be performed on objects with a maximum plane surface area of 2.6 × 0.5 m2 along both the X and Y axes. Experiments were carried out on carbon sandwich panels. An uncertainty of ±8 ”m has been obtained on flat and smooth surfaces; a ±30 ”m uncertainty has been determined for a rough carbon sandwich panel

    Incest in the 1990s: reading Anais Nin's 'Father Story'

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    In the summer of 1933, diarist, author and critic Anaïs Nin joined her father for a short vacation in France. Nin wrote about the trip in her diary afterwards, referring to it as the ‘Father Story.’ In the story, she details how, aged 30, she embarked upon an affair with her father which would last for several months. Rather than displaying the signs of trauma that we have come to expect from the incest narrative such as dissociation, blame and recrimination, the ‘Father Story’ is more ambiguous in its tone. Part-tribute to the father, part-seduction narrative, part-confession, this is a story that resists categorisation – a resistance that has ethical, critical and formal ramifications for our reading of incest narratives. Upon its publication in the early 1990s, critics responded to the ‘Father Story’ as fantastical, excessive and vulgar. These responses form part of a wider American father story during this period; a story about memory, therapy culture, family values and the concealed rules of testimony. This article reads Anaïs Nin’s narrative as a text which raises fundamental questions about why certain father (and daughter) stories are culturally acceptable and others are not
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